Posts within pages

I’m a bit new to WP, but from what I gather, within your pages you cannot do individual posts like you can on your front posting page, as least not straight out of the box you can’t. But, I do know it is possible, can someone help me to understand how to do this?

This is one of the first pages I have seen where this is done.
http://www.hairthursday.com
When you click on Makeovers, the page reads very similar to the front page of a wordpress site.

Any help would be great!