Do you have any backups of the site from which you can restore?
Did you update your wordpress installation?
Yes, everything’s updated.
>> Unfortunately I do not.
Then time is of the essence. Don’t bother checking archive. org, the website has not been crawled there. I’d recommend two courses of action:
1) call Dreamhost as soon as possible, and ask them very nicely, if they might happen to have any backups of that server. If you are lucky and they do have backups, they might retain them for a few days.
2) Google appears to have some images cached. I do not know if these are any of the missing ones, but if they are grab them ASAP, before Google crawls the site and updates their cache.