Text Date Field

most of the date/time based fields have format options, even on the documentation section you linked. They’re just commented out in the docs so maybe not as easy to see.

Regarding the calendar popup, which I’m sure will be a factor, see my response at https://ww.wp.xz.cn/support/topic/date-field-doesnt-display-the-value-in-admin?replies=12#post-6815969 for a filter to help with that.