AHA! Update!
For security reasons in firefox about:config I had set
dom.event.clipboardevents.enabled to false
This totally breaks the visual editor. Interesting (and a bit lame). Now I know.
It really must be some sort of firefox issue: it works in Safari. And it must be something to do with MY firefox, as the person sitting next to me on another computer has had no trouble with my sites. I just have no idea WHAT it could be.
Anyone?
-Donna
As I said, I have deactivated all plugins (to clarify in both wordpress and in firefox). The same problems are there even with all plugins deactivated.
The problem exists on four different sites, each with different themes. It happens with Twenty Fourteen, with two custom made themes, and with two non custom themes.