The error disappeared meanwhile and I have not a single clue why.
It occured btw. as I logged out.
Ok, seems using the gallery.php and turning off ajax-navigation solved the issue. 🙂
Thank you guys!
The error appears only if i am logged out.
Maybe also caused from the plugin WP-Super Cache?
Where do i change the permalink-structure from the galllery?
I will try the tip of zaggle.