I recently upgraded from 2.0.3 to 2.3.2 and I have the same problem. At first, I was just getting a blank page for Permalinks: I see the main Dashboard menu, the Options submenu, then the little warning about “A new version of WordPress is available!” and then NOTHING. Just clean white page.
I went through and deactivated all my plugins to see if one of them was a problem, and that’s when I saw the error mentioned above. I’m reactivating one by one now…aha: Friends RSS Aggregator being activated makes that error message go away. But I still have no Permalinks page and thus no way to tweak my permalinks.