I found and fixed the issue, I’ll leave a comment for reference in case someone encounters the same problem.
In the log there was this error:
“FAILURE: This PaymentIntent is configured to accept payment methods enabled in your Dashboard. Because some of these payment methods might redirect your customer off of your page, you must provide a return_url. If you don’t want to accept redirect-based payment methods, set automatic_payment_methods[enabled] to true and automatic_payment_methods[allow_redirects] to never when creating Setup Intents and Payment Intents.”
This is solved by unchecking the “Disable 3D Secure Iframe” option on the Advanced settings screen.
Thank you Nickolas, works like a charm!