Thanks t-p for taking the time to post. I have tried the troubleshooting mode (all plugins off, default theme) and the problem still persists. I also tried disabling them one at a time too but that didn’t yield a positive result either.
At present, only changes to settings (form submissions or links to URL’s with parameters) produces the 404 error. I had thought these submissions and URL’s would be relative but they appear to be absolute (and dropping the folder ‘blog’ from the path).
Thank you bcworkz, that is exactly the kind of thing I was looking for.